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[1] Cf. the Parable of the Sower (Mt 13:18–23); the Parable of the Net (Mt 13:47–50); and Jesus’ description of the Final Judgment (Mt 25:31–33).
[2] Avery Cardinal Dulles, “The Population of Hell,” First Things, May 2003, https://www.firstthings.com/article/2003/05/the-population-of-hell.
[3] Second Vatican Council, Dei Verbum, no. 11.
[4] Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, “Letter on Certain Questions concerning Eschatology,” May 17, 1979.
[5] St. Faustina Kowalska, Diary: Divine Mercy in My Soul (Kraków: Misericordia, 2019), 2nd notebook, no. 741, pp. 387–88.
[6] My book on the question of universalism has lengthy chapters examining the speculations of Karl Rahner and Hans Urs von Balthasar on this topic. See chapter 5, “Rahner and ‘Anonymous Christians’,” and chapter 6, “Balthasar: Dare We Hope That All Be Saved?,” in Will Many Be Saved? (Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 2012).
This article originally appeared on pages 21-30 of the print edition.
Art Credit: Woodcut for "Die Bibel in Bildern," 1860. Wikimedia Commons; Chapel of the miraculous image of the Merciful Jesus and the tomb of St. Faustina, Flickr.com.
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